Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Mental retardation (MR) is a generalized disorder appearing before adulthood, characterized by significantly impaired cognitive functioning and deficits in two or more adaptive behaviors. It has historically been defined as an Intelligence Quotient score under 70 (The relevance of IQ scores, 2010). When a person has certain limitations in mental functioning and in skills such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills, it is considered as mentally retarded. These limitations will cause a child to learn and develop mo
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